Abstract
Physical exercise may stimulate lipolytic activity within adipose tissue. Furthermore, resistance exercise may contribute to the more efficient reduction in adipose tissue mass and prevent the accumulation thereof in obese women. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of regular resistance exercise for 12 weeks on the lipolysis pathway in women with obesity. Twenty-three pre- and postmenopausal women with body fat percentages of 30% or more were divided into the premenopausal group (n = 9) and the postmenopausal group (n = 14). All subjects participated in resistance exercise training for 12 weeks. Anthropometric and physical fitness tests were performed on all participants. Protein analyses were performed on extracted subcutaneous fatty tissue, and changes in the relevant protein levels in the samples were analyzed by Western blotting. All serum samples were submitted for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay measurements of adipocyte factors. After 12 weeks, the adipose triglyceride lipase, monoacylglycerol lipase, and perilipin1 protein levels were significantly lower in the postmenopausal group than in the premenopausal group. The hormone-sensitive lipase protein levels were significantly higher in the postmenopausal group than in the premenopausal group. In addition, leptin concentrations were significantly decreased after resistance exercise in the postmenopausal group. Adiponectin concentrations were significantly increased after resistance exercise in both groups. These findings indicate that regular resistance exercise is effective in reducing the weight and body fat of obese premenopausal women, and in the secretion of adiponectin. On the other hand, postmenopausal women were found to have redeced weight and body fat, and were found to be positive for the secretion of adipokine factors. In addition, positive changes in lipolysis pathway factors in adipose tissue promote lipid degradation and reduce fat mass. Thus, regular resistance exercise shows positive changes in the lipolysis pathway more effectively in weight and body fat reduction in postmenopausal women than in premenopausal women.
Highlights
Introduction distributed under the terms andAdipose tissue is recognized as an endocrine organ
This study investigated the modulation of regular resistance exercise on the lipolysis pathway in pre- and postmenopausal women
The main finding of this study was that after 12 weeks, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL), and PLIN1 protein levels were lower by 42.51%, 43.21%, and 27.50%, respectively, in the POST group compared to the PRE group, and the hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL)
Summary
Adipose tissue is recognized as an endocrine organ. A complex interplay between multiple endocrine mediators and the sympathetic nervous system has been shown to govern adipocyte metabolism. Insulin promotes glucose and fatty acid uptake, as well as lipogenesis, and suppresses triglyceride lipolysis [1]. Excess body weight results from an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure [2]. One way to maintain the correct body weight is to stimulate lipid catabolism through increased physical activity. Designed training simulates fat breakdown, that is, the hydrolysis of triacylglycerol stored in adipose tissue, releasing free fatty acids into the circulation and causing oxidation in muscles and other tissues [3]. Some studies have demonstrated that low-intensity endurance training leads to maximal lipid oxidation
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