Abstract
This paper discusses a non-destructive measurement technique of residual stress through optical visualization. The least amount of deformation possible is applied to steel plates by heating the specimens +10 °C from room temperature for initial calibration, and the thermal expansion behavior is visualized with an electronic speckle pattern interferometer sensitive to two dimensional in-plane displacement. Displacement distribution with the thermal deformation and coefficient of thermal expansion are obtained through interferometric fringe analysis. The results suggest the change in the thermal deformation behavior is affected by the external stress initially applied to the steel specimen. Additionally, dissimilar joints of steel and cemented carbide plates are prepared by butt-brazing. The residual stress is estimated based on the stress dependence of thermal expansion coefficient.
Highlights
In recent years, joining of dissimilar materials has been a subject of interest, in order to provide highly functional structures through a multi-material design
The present study investigated the effect of external restraint on the thermal deformation behavior of steel sheet through visualization using two-dimensional Electronic Speckle-Pattern Interferometry (ESPI)
The apparent coefficient of thermal expansion decreases depending on the external stress initially applied to the steel
Summary
In recent years, joining of dissimilar materials has been a subject of interest, in order to provide highly functional structures through a multi-material design. The residual stress measurement induced by the joining process is of a technical nature, as well as a fundamental issue. Several techniques which utilize X-ray [1] or neutron diffraction [2] and acoustoelasticity [3,4] are available for the measurement of the residual stress in a non-destructive way. These methods allow accurate measurement at the microscopic level, while the measurable area is limited to a few millimeters per square at maximum; a more time-consuming process can be applied to a wider area. The diffractometry, which measures the crystal lattice strain, cannot be applied for the measurement of non-crystalline materials such as polymers, or composite materials
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