Effect of Residual Chlorine Concentration on Water Pipe Corrosion

Abstract

1. Introduction Water pipe corrosion corrodes the iron by the oxidation reduction reaction, and the corrosion rate is accelerated by the oxidizing agent used as disinfectant in the tap water. The major oxidizing agent in tap water are ozone and chlorine. pH, alkalinity and residual chlorine concentration are factors of internal corrosion. We are replacing the ductile cast iron pipe with inner coating and stainless steel pipe. However, it is still used in many cases, such as gray cast iron pipes and galvanized steel pipes without internal coatings in Korea. Chlorine is a very strong oxidant for all metals and organics, and the reaction between chlorine and iron is as follows. HOCl + 2Fe2+ + 5H2O → 2Fe(OH)3↓ + Cl- + 5H+ Recently, as the problem with sinkholes has arisen on the a buried road as water pipes, sewage pipes, etc, interest in corrosion has been growing. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of residual chlorine on the corrosion factor by analyzing the water quality and to evaluate the necessity of the proper residual chlorine on in the water purification plant. 2. Experimental Method In order to evaluate the corrosion of residual chlorine concentration of tap water, we were carried out Tafel experiment and water quality analysis. The corrosion rate was measured by a Tafel experiment using an electrochemical corrosion measurement system (PAR VMP-3). For tap water in Seoul, corrosion evaluation was performed according to alkalinity and hardness, residual chlorine concentraion. 3. Summary of results The tap water quality of Seoul was as follows that residual chlorine is 0.4 mg/L, and alkalinity is 50 mg/L as CaCO3, with a pH of 7.3. The results of experiments on the rate of corrosion of Carbon Steel specimens to residual chlorine in seoul tap water, can be seen in Fig. 1. As a result of the Tafel experiment according to the initial residual chlorine concentration under the same conditions (same LI index), The corrosion rate was 0.01 mmpy at 0 mg/L of residual chlorine and 0.074mmpy at 0.8mg/L of residual chlorine, corrosion rate for residual chlorine in carbon steel specimens was more than 7 times. It was confirmed that the higher the concentration of residual chlorine, the faster the corrosion rate was increased. The corrosivity of tap water in Korea is evaluated by the LI index, but residual chlorine has a large effect on corrosion, so it is required to add residual chlorine for the tap water corrosion evaluation. It is reducing the concentration of residual chlorine for reduce the chlorine odor of tap water in the distribution water system in Korea. But, residual chlorine guideline for corrosion reduction is necessary in Korea. Figure 1