Effect of replacing soybean meal with cottonseed meal on growth, hematology, antioxidant enzymes activity and expression for juvenile grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idellus

Qingmei Zheng,Xiaohui Xie,Haobo Li,Chunyan Han,Xiaobo Wen

doi:10.1007/s10695-011-9590-0

Qingmei Zheng, Xiaohui Xie + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-011-9590-0

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Abstract

An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of replacing soybean meal (SBM) with cottonseed meal (CSM) on growth and health of grass carp. Four isonitrogenous diets containing 0, 16.64, 32.73 and 48.94% of CSM, respectively, as replacements of 0, 35, 68 and 100% of SBM were fed to fish (initial body weight 7.14 ± 0.75 g/fish) in triplicate aquaria twice daily. The results indicated that fish fed diet containing 16.64% CSM as a replacement of 35% of SBM was not affected in weight gain (WG), feed efficiency ratio (FER) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P > 0.05), while fish fed diets containing higher level of dietary CSM (32.73 and 48.94%) significantly decreased WG and PER and significantly increased FCR (P < 0.05). Fish fed diets containing 16.64% of CSM had significantly increased hematocrit (Ht) and hemoglobin (Hb) values compared with fish fed with other diets (P < 0.05). The activity of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), gene expression levels of GSH-Px and CAT, and content of malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly lower for fish fed diets containing 16.64% CSM compared with fish fed other diets (P < 0.05). These results showed 16.64% CSM could be used to replace 35% SBM in the diets of juvenile grass carp and without health impact.

Highlights

Soybean meal (SBM) is a widely available protein source with relatively abundant digestible protein, high energy contents and good amino acid profile (Hertrampf and Piedad-Pascual 2000)
The results indicated that fish fed diet containing 16.64% cottonseed meal (CSM) as a replacement of 35% of soybean meal (SBM) was not affected in weight gain (WG), feed efficiency ratio (FER) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P [ 0.05), while fish fed diets containing higher level of dietary CSM (32.73 and 48.94%) significantly decreased WG and protein efficiency ratio (PER) and significantly increased FCR (P \ 0.05)
CSM as a replacement of 35% of SBM were not affected in WG, FCR and PER compared with fish fed the control diets (P [ 0.05), while fish fed diet containing higher level of dietary CSM (32.73 and 48.94%) significantly decreased WG and PER and increased FCR (P \ 0.05)

Summary

Introduction

Soybean meal (SBM) is a widely available protein source with relatively abundant digestible protein, high energy contents and good amino acid profile (Hertrampf and Piedad-Pascual 2000). Free gossypol, when present in large quantity in the diet, could cause unfavorable physiological effects on fish such as depressing growth performance (Barros et al 2002; Rinchard et al 2003), decreasing values of hematocrit and hemoglobin (Dabrowski et al 2001; Yue and Zhou 2008) and reproductive performance (Blom et al 2001; Rinchard et al 2003). CSM and free gossypol were found to improve certain immune responses and disease resistance of channel catfish (Barros et al 2002; Yildirim et al 2003)

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