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Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of renal ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) on the distribution of midazolam (MDZ), a probe drug for cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) activity. We established an AKI model inducing ischaemia of both renal pedicles for 60min followed by 24-h reperfusion. MDZ was administered intravenously (i.v.) to the rats via the jugular vein, and then, blood samples were collected to determine the plasma concentration of MDZ. While the plasma concentration of MDZ after i.v. administration was decreased in the I/R rats, the tissue concentration was not altered. In addition, the tissue-to-plasma (T/P) ratio of MDZ was increased in the I/R rats. The unbound fraction of MDZ and the level of indoxyl sulphate (IS) in plasma were elevated in the I/R rats. Furthermore, the unbound fraction of MDZ was significantly increased by the addition of IS. These results indicated that the displacement of albumin-bound MDZ by IS changed the unbound fraction of MDZ and elevated the T/P ratio of MDZ in I/R rats.
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