Abstract
Introduction. Statins have a large number of pleiotropic effects, due to which they can be effective in cardiovascular complications of COVID-19. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship of regular statin intake with death and the development of new cardiovascular events in patients with cardiovascular pathology in the acute period of COVID-19. Materials and methods. A retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 with a history (before COVID-19) of cardiovascular pathologies, in which regular intake of lipid-lowering drugs is indicated, was conducted. Results. The study included 131 patients: 54 (41,22 %) people with a fatal outcome in the hospital; 77 (58,78 %) patients discharged from the infectious diseases hospital. During the period of hospitalization, 9 (16,67 %) cardiovascular events were documented in patients with a fatal outcome, more often in patients not taking statins, p = 0,399. The chance of death among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 with concomitant cardiovascular pathology is 2,62 times lower in patients taking statins, compared with patients who do not use these drugs for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases (OR 0,381; 95 % CI: 0,17–0,84), the differences are statistically significant (p = 0,015). Discussion. The beneficial effect of long-term statin intake observed in the acute period of COVID-19 is probably due to their additional protective effects: anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, immunomodulatory and reducing endothelial dysfunction. Conclusions. Among patients with cardiovascular diseases hospitalized for COVID-19, only 1/3 takes the necessary lipid-lowering therapy. The use of statins before admission to the hospital and during treatment significantly reduces deaths in patients with cardiovascular pathology.
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