Abstract
To investigate the factors for treatment success in anisometropic amblyopia according to the spherical equivalent (SE) type of amblyopic eyes. Medical records of 397 children with anisometropic amblyopia aged 3 to 12 years who presented in a secondary referral eye hospital during 2010 ~ 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Anisometropia was defined as ≥ 1 diopter (D) difference in SE, or ≥ 1.5 D difference of cylindrical error between the eyes. According to the SE of amblyopic eyes, patients were categorized into hyperopia (SE ≥ 1D), emmetropia (− 1 < SE < + 1) and myopia (SE ≤ − 1D) groups. Treatment success was defined as achieving interocular logMAR visual acuity difference < 0.2. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the factors for treatment success. Significant factors for the amblyopia treatment success in hyperopia group (n = 270) were younger age [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) (95% confidence interval, CI) = 0.529 (0.353, 0.792)], better BCVA in amblyopic eyes at presentation [aOR (95% CI) 0.004 (0, 0.096)], longer follow-up period [aOR (95%CI) = 1.098 (1.036, 1.162)], and no previous amblyopia treatment history [aOR (95% CI) 0.059 (0.010, 0.364)]. In myopia group (n = 68), younger age [aOR (95% CI) 0.440 (0.208, 0.928)] and better BCVA in amblyopic eyes [aOR (95% CI) 0.034 (0.003, 0.469)] were associated with higher odds of treatment success. There was no significant factor for treatment success in emmetropia group (n = 59) in this population. The refractive error type of amblyopic eyes at presentation affects the factors for treatment success in anisometropic amblyopia.
Highlights
To investigate the factors for treatment success in anisometropic amblyopia according to the spherical equivalent (SE) type of amblyopic eyes
We found that treatment success rate was the highest, and the duration to treatment success was shortest in the emmetropia group categorized by SE of amblyopic eyes, followed by hyperopia group, and myopia group, when each SE group demonstrated different patient c hracteristics[13]
Treatment success rate during the follow-up was significantly different among the SE groups (96.61% in emmetropia group, 91.48% in hyperopia, and 82.35% in myopia group, respectively, p = 0.016 by Chi-square test, Table 1)
Summary
To investigate the factors for treatment success in anisometropic amblyopia according to the spherical equivalent (SE) type of amblyopic eyes. According to the SE of amblyopic eyes, patients were categorized into hyperopia (SE ≥ 1D), emmetropia (− 1 < SE < + 1) and myopia (SE ≤ − 1D) groups. The refractive error type of amblyopic eyes at presentation affects the factors for treatment success in anisometropic amblyopia. We found that treatment success rate was the highest, and the duration to treatment success was shortest in the emmetropia group categorized by SE of amblyopic eyes, followed by hyperopia group, and myopia group, when each SE group demonstrated different patient c hracteristics[13]. Affecting treatment success were different according to refractive error type of amblyopic eyes in anisometropic amblyopia patient population of a usual pediatric ophthalmology practice
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