Abstract
Primary dysmenorrhea is the most common gynecologic disorder among female adolescents, with a prevalence of 60% to 93%. It leads to several problems in the personal and social life of the female adolescents. Adverse effects of medical treatments and its failure rate of 20-25% have caused many females to seek other complementary and alternative methods for the management of primary dysmenorrhea. Reflexotherapy is one of such methods. So, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of reflexotherapy on controlling primary dysmenorrhea among Faculty Nursing Students. The study was conducted at Faculty Nursing, Tanta University. The total number of study sample was 120 female students from the second year of Faculty Nursing Students who fulfilling the inclusive criteria. Four tools were used for the collection of data: Tool I: Sociodemographic and menstrual history structured interview schedule. Tool II, Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Tool III, Modified McGill Pain Questionnaire Short form (MPQ-SF). Tool IV, Physiological and behavioral responses to pain sheet. The results of this study revealed that after the application of reflexotherapy, the intensity of menstrual pain had a significant decrease among the study group compared to the control group 1st ,2nd and 3rd months post intervention, as well as the intensity of sensory and affective menstrual pain descriptors. In addition the physiological and behavioral responses to menstrual pain were significantly improved. Therefore, the study recommended that reflexotherapy can be used in the management of primary dysmenorrhea and menstruation-related symptoms as this method is noninvasive, easy to perform, and free from the potentially adverse effects of analgesics.
Highlights
Primary dysmenorrhea is one of the most prevalent gynecologic problems among 60% to 93% of female adolescents[1]. primary dysmenorrhea is not a real threat to life, yet it is associated with various physical and psychological symptoms that can disrupt the quality of females' life at school, college and work
Subjects: According to the equation of power analysis, the study comprised a purposive sample of 120 second year female students selected from the above mentioned setting according to the following criteria: Age from 17- 22 years, Not married, Have regular menstrual cycle that lasts from 21 to 35 days, Duration of menstrual cycle ranging from 3 to 7 days of blood flow, Have primary dysmenorrhea with moderate or severe degree according to Visual Analog Scale, Have normal body mass index, Don't use any drugs or physical methods to relieve pain during the study period, Free from any systemic or gynecologic diseases, Free from any foot damaged tissues, arthritis, phlebitis, open wound, injuries, inflammation, and eczema, Willing to participate in the study
The results of the present study revealed that the prevalence rate of primary dysmenorrhea was found to be about 85.6% among all students of the second year Faculty Nursing students at Tanta University
Summary
Primary dysmenorrhea is one of the most prevalent gynecologic problems among 60% to 93% of female adolescents[1]. primary dysmenorrhea is not a real threat to life, yet it is associated with various physical and psychological symptoms that can disrupt the quality of females' life at school, college and work. Subjects: According to the equation of power analysis, the study comprised a purposive sample of 120 second year female students selected from the above mentioned setting according to the following criteria: Age from 17- 22 years, Not married, Have regular menstrual cycle that lasts from 21 to 35 days (interval of menstruation), Duration of menstrual cycle ranging from 3 to 7 days of blood flow, Have primary dysmenorrhea with moderate or severe degree according to Visual Analog Scale, Have normal body mass index, Don't use any drugs or physical methods (exercises) to relieve pain during the study period, Free from any systemic or gynecologic diseases, Free from any foot damaged tissues, arthritis, phlebitis, open wound, injuries, inflammation, and eczema, Willing to participate in the study. Menstruation characteristics included age at menarche, menstrual interval, duration of blood flow, amount of menstrual bleeding by counting number of saturated pads per day
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