Abstract
The Hyperspectral Infrared Imager (HyspIRI) is a proposed NASA satellite remote sensing system combining a visible to shortwave infrared (VSWIR) imaging spectrometer with over 200 spectral bands between 0.38 and 2.5 μm and an 8-band thermal infrared (TIR) multispectral imager, both at 60 m spatial resolution. Short Wave Infrared (SWIR) (2.0–2.5 μm) simulation results are described here using Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) data in preparation for the future launch. The simulated data were used to assess the effect of the HyspIRI 60 m spatial resolution on the ability to identify and map minerals at hydrothermally altered and geothermal areas. Mineral maps produced using these data successfully detected and mapped a wide variety of characteristic minerals, including jarosite, alunite, kaolinite, dickite, muscovite-illite, montmorillonite, pyrophyllite, calcite, buddingtonite, and hydrothermal silica. Confusion matrix analysis of the datasets showed overall classification accuracy ranging from 70 to 92% for the 60 m HyspIRI simulated data relative to 15 m spatial resolution data. Classification accuracy was lower for similar minerals and smaller areas, which were not mapped well by the simulated 60 m HyspIRI data due to blending of similar signatures and spectral mixing with adjacent pixels. The simulations demonstrate that HyspIRI SWIR data, while somewhat limited by their relatively coarse spatial resolution, should still be useful for mapping hydrothermal/geothermal systems, and for many other geologic applications requiring mineral mapping.
Highlights
Imaging spectrometry, the simultaneous measurement of continuous spectra and images in up to hundreds of spectral channels or bands, is a proven technology for identifying and mapping materials based on their spectral signatures [1,2]
While Hyperspectral Infrared Imager (HyspIRI) is principally designed for ecosystem applications [15], it is expected that the system will have significant geologic capabilities as well [16]
For the Short Wave Infrared (SWIR), Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) data were converted to apparent reflectance using “ACORN”, a MODTRAN atmospheric-model-based radiance to reflectance correction [22,23] and spectrally resampled using the proposed HyspIRI 10 nm spectral resolution [15,20]
Summary
The simultaneous measurement of continuous spectra and images in up to hundreds of spectral channels or bands, is a proven technology for identifying and mapping materials based on their spectral signatures [1,2]. It has become known as “Hyperspectral Imaging” or “HSI”. While HyspIRI is principally designed for ecosystem applications [15], it is expected that the system will have significant geologic capabilities as well [16] Another hyperspectral instrument (Hyperion) has already demonstrated that mineral mapping from space is viable at 30 m spatial resolution, albeit with signal-to-noise (SNR)
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