Effect of Recombinant Human Keratinocyte Growth Factor (rHuKGF, Palifermin) on Radiation-Induced Mouse Urinary Bladder Dysfunction

Abstract

Purpose/Objective: Radiation-induced changes in urinary bladder storage capacity are a frequent side effect of pelvic radiotherapy. In mice, early functional changes in bladder occur within the first month after irradiation in two phases, with peaks around day 7 (acute phase 1) and day 23 (acute phase 2). Acute changes are followed by a dose-dependent latent time period and by a subsequent and irreversible late response phase. Recently, administration of growth factors, such as keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), has been shown to modify radiation effects. Therefore, the present study was initiated to identify the effect of Palifermin (rHuKGF) on acute and late radiation effects in the mouse urinary bladder Materials/Methods: For this, graded radiation doses were applied to generate full dose-effect curves. Changes in bladder function, measured by transurethral cystometry, were assessed. Conclusions: In conclusion, early steps of the radiation-induced acute changes in the mouse urinary bladder can be modified with a single administration of Palifermin (rHuKGF) before irradiation. However, the optimum dosage and also the influence of the repeated injections have to be identified in further experiments. Moreover, studies into KGF-effects during fractionated irradiation must be performed.