Effect of Quorum Sensing Inhibitor Agents against Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Abstract

The abuse of antibiotics in therapy has lead to the development of resistance in the target organisms. The failure of presented antibiotics to control infections makes it essential to discover option to presently available drugs. Quorum sensing (QS) is a used by many bacteria to regulate gene expression in accordance with population density through the use of signal molecules or autoinducers. The QS is used by Bacteria populations to communicate and coordinate their group interactions, which is applied by pathogens in infection processes. The QS pathways in bacteria are composed of several parts, including bacteria populations, signal molecules, protein activators and target genes. The pathogenicity in numerous bacteria is regulated by QS signaling systems. The QS inhibition system may cause the reduction of virulence and defense against bacterial infections. The QS is the main regulator of virulence and biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other relevant bacteria. In P. aeruginosa, the expression of many virulence factors appears to be controlled by QS. So, according to the role of this mechanism in the regulation and production of many virulence factors, the function of QS is required for P. aeruginosa to cause disease and infection. In this article, we discussed the QS mechanism in gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria with a closer look at the P. aeruginosa. A variety of plants showed their effects on P. aeruginosa virulence. Extract of various plants control the regulatory QS genes and factors with marginal effects on bacterial growth. The quorum-quenching (QQ) mechanisms are unrelated to static or cidal effects. In fact, anti-QS have already shown promise in the battle against P. aeruginosa infections.