Effect of pubic symphysiodesis on acetabular rotation and pelvic development in guinea pigs

Abstract

Abstract Objective To evaluate the effect of premature closure of the pubic symphysis on pelvic development. Animals 18, 21-day-old male guinea pigs. Procedure The pubic symphysis was surgically approached in 10 guinea pigs of the symphysiodesis group and in 4 of the sham-operated group; 4 guinea pigs served as unoperated controls. The pubic symphysis was destroyed by use of electrocautery in the 10 guinea pigs of the symphysiodesis group. All guinea pigs were allowed to grow to skeletal maturity and were euthanatized at 33 weeks of age. Body weight was recorded throughout the study and was compared between groups. Histologic examination of the symphyses confirmed premature closure of the pubic symphyseal growth plates in guinea pigs of the symphysiodesis group. Pelvic measurements taken from pretreatment radiographic views and from video images of harvested pelves were compared between groups. Results There were no significant differences between groups with regard to pretreatment radiographic variables, rate of weight gain, or body weight at any time. Pubic symphysiodesis resulted in significant narrowing of the caudal aspect of the pelvis, narrowing and shortening of the pubic bones, and outward rotation of the acetabula. Conclusions The pubic symphyseal growth plates contribute significantly to development of the pelvis. Premature closure of these growth plates (pubic symphysiodesis) results in outward rotation of the acetabula, which might be beneficial in some cases of canine hip dysplasia; however, this rotation is accompanied by concomitant narrowing pf the caudal aspect of the pelvis. (Am J Vet Res 1996;57:1427-1433)