Effect of prolonged use of hormonal contraception on ovarian reserve

Abstract

Background and Objective: Contraception is widely used throughout the world, with 62% of reproductive-aged women. This trial was established to assess the effect of prolonged use of hormonal contraception (HC) on ovarian reserve. Methods: This retrospective randomized controlled trial was performed on 150 healthy females aged (20-35) years with normal menstrual history had at least one offspring after spontaneous pregnancy. Participants were subdivided into equal three groups: first group (study group): used the injectable progesterone for more than four years continuously, second group (study group): used combined oral contraceptive (COC) for more than four years continuously, control group: didn’t use HC (as intrauterine device, natural and non-users of any contraception). Results: Ovarian volume (OV) and antral follicle count (AFC) were significantly decreased in COC group than control group. There was a significant negative correlation between body mass index and OV was found. There was an insignificant correlation between age, gravidity, parity, BMI, usage duration and both AFC, AMH among group 3 controls. Conclusion: The prolonged use of HC in COC group had a significant negative effect on volume of ovary and AFC with no effect on AMH. A significant negative correlation between age and AMH was found among COC users.