Effect of procyanidin fractions from defatted grape seed meal on adipogenesis in 3T3‐L1 cells

Abstract

Grape seed has been known to be abundant in various bioactive compounds. Known beneficial effects of bioactive compounds from grape seed are anticancer, anti‐inflammation, and the prevention of heart disease. Procyanidins are considered as representative bioactive compounds from grape seed as well as various fruits and plants including cocoa, apple and tea. Grape seed procyanidins can be fractionated as monomeric, oligomeric, and polymeric fraction by their structures and chemical characteristics and each fraction have different biological activities. We obtained various procyanidin fractions containing crude polyphenols, oligomeric procyanidin, and polymeric procyanidin from defatted grape seeds meal and tested the effect of each fraction on adipogenesis in 3T3‐L1 cells. 3T3‐L1 pre‐adipocytes were differentiated by the addition of insulin (1μg/ml), dexamethasone (1μM), IBMX (10mM), and 10% FBS in DMEM medium. Cells were treated with or without CPE (crude polyphenol fraction), FCO (catechin and oligomeric procyanidin mixed fraction), and FPP (polymeric procyanidin fraction), respectively. Lipid accumulation was measured by Oil‐red O staining and intracellular triacylglyceride contents were analyzed. Level of mRNA and protein expression of the lipid metabolism related transcription factors were measured by RT‐PCR and Western Blot analysis, respectively. FCO and FPP have more significant anti‐adipogenic effects than CPE and these results may provide the preliminary data for the utilization of agricultural byproducts as functional food substances.