Abstract
Simple SummaryThe Black Soldier Fly insect (BSF) Hermetia illucens (L.) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) metabolizes low degraded ingredients and converts them into larval enriched nutrients. In the present study, the effect of processed beverage by-products, such as spent coffee grounds and brewer’s spent grains and their mixtures on biological parameters (larval development, survival), conversion efficiency and body composition of the BSF insect was evaluated. The effect of different rearing densities of BSF on the above parameters were also studied. Insect larvae were reared successfully in all tested diets, except for sole spent coffee grounds. Substrate mass reduction, protein conversion and bioconversion rates were higher on the reference feed, followed by brewer’s spent grains and brewer’s spent grains—spent coffee grounds mixture enriched with brewer’s yeast. Density did not affect any larval parameter except for fat. Our results illustrate that low value beverage by-products can be successfully utilized as constituents of a successful BSF diet.The effect of spent coffee grounds (SCG), brewer’s spent grains (BSG) and their mixtures with the addition of brewer’s yeast (BY) were tested in two rearing densities of the Black Soldier Fly, Hermetia illucens (L.). Different treatments were investigated on larval development, survival, yield, protein conversion (PrCR) and bioconversion rate (BCR), substrate mass reduction and body composition of the insect. BSF larvae were able to develop sufficiently in all diets, except on sole SCG. The addition of BY enhanced the performance properties of diets, especially in the case of SCG, where larvae underperformed. Substrate mass reduction, PrCR and BCR were affected only by feed and exhibited higher values on reference feed, followed by BSG and SCG+BSG enriched with BY. Density did not have a significant effect on various larval nutrients, except for fat, which was higher on larvae fed enriched feeds with BY and in the 300 larval density. The interaction between feed and density strongly affected the nitrogen and protein levels, larval yield and ash. Generally, diets which contained SCG exhibited high larval crude protein levels. Our results illustrate that low value beverage by-products can be successfully utilized as constituents of a successful BSF diet.
Highlights
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The overall purpose of the current study was to evaluate the efficiency of Black Soldier Fly insect (BSF) larvae when consuming three types of beverage sector by-products, i.e., brewer’s spent grains, brewer’s yeast, spent coffee ground and their combinations, at two larval densities
Greek beverage by-products used in BSF larvae diets included: spent coffee grounds (SCG)- arabica variety, brewer’s spent grains (BSG) and autolyzed brewer’s yeast (BY) (Athenian Brewery S.A., Athens, Greece)
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. The effect of processed beverage by-products, such as spent coffee grounds and brewer’s spent grains and their mixtures on biological parameters (larval development, survival), conversion efficiency and body composition of the BSF insect was evaluated. Insect larvae were reared successfully in all tested diets, except for sole spent coffee grounds. Protein conversion and bioconversion rates were higher on the reference feed, followed by brewer’s spent grains and brewer’s spent grains—spent coffee grounds mixture enriched with brewer’s yeast. The effect of spent coffee grounds (SCG), brewer’s spent grains (BSG) and their mixtures with the addition of brewer’s yeast (BY) were tested in two rearing densities of the Black Soldier. Different treatments were investigated on larval development, survival, yield, protein conversion (PrCR) and bioconversion rate (BCR), substrate mass reduction and body composition of the insect. BSF larvae were able to develop sufficiently in all diets, except on sole
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