Abstract
In this study, compacts of Cr-prealloyed steel with admixed nickel and graphite, fabricated through cold isostatic pressing (CIP), were sintered in low vacuum at 1150 °C and at 1250 °C in a HIP furnace, followed by the capsule-free hot isostatic pressing (HIP) at 1150 °C in the same HIP furnace using argon at 100 MPa. Microstructures of these compacts sintered at 1250 °C revealed the complete closure of interconnected porosity, after which densification to full bulk density was achieved by final HIP stage. Hardness measurements and chemical analysis were also employed. Carbon as a reducing agent played a crucial part to reach very low oxygen content of 0.02% after sintering and capsule-free HIP. This study demonstrates the possibility of achieving full density in high performance powder metallurgy (PM) steels through novel approach of CIP and in-situ vacuum sintering in combination with capsule-free HIP using a two-stage densification process.
Published Version
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