Abstract
Previous chapters have illustrated the variety of fluidized-bed industrial applications and the importance of the process conditions on their operation. This chapter reviews experimental and theoretical studies on the influence of process conditions (temperature, pressure, presence of liquid, fines and fines size distribution) on the fluidization quality of gas-solid fluidized-bed reactors. The chapter begins with an overview of the effect of process conditions on fluidization highlighting the role of the hydrodynamic and interparticle forces on fluidized-bed behaviour. A brief review of the interparticle forces is reported to explain the foundation for the understanding of the factors responsible for the changes in fluidization at process conditions. Hence, the chapter discusses specifically the effect of temperature, pressure and other special conditions in the fluid bed, at minimum fluidization conditions, in the expanded fluid bed and at minimum bubbling conditions, showing how correlations and models established at ambient temperature and pressure may lead to misleading predictions at super- ambient conditions.
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