Effect of probiotic strains upon intestinal immune system under cold stress

Yuri Kozlovsky,Mariya Zinevich,Galina Kozlovskaya,Tatiana Khomyakova,Aminat Magomedova

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202017503003

Abstract

Gut microbiome changes can be considered as a causative factor of stress-associated intestinal diseases. The aim of the investigation was to study the effects of the oral probiotic strains Lactobacillus casei LB 148 and E. coli EB 387 onto gut microbiota, as well as the intestinal immune system of rats Sprague Dawley in a healthy state and under cold stress. There are no strict official recommendations here in the Russian Federation for preclinical studies of new probiotic strains. Here we describe a method used to estimate the safety and effectiveness of the oral use of a probiotic. It is cheap and simple, so we recommend using it at least for the screening search of effective and safe probiotics. The number of Peyer’s patches in the small intestine of rats in different compartments was counted and then compared between different groups of rats. After cold stress there was a change in the number of Peyer’s patches together with microbiota shifts. Lactobacillus casei LB 148 as well as E. coli EB 387 protected the immune system against the stress effects.

Highlights

Cold stress is one of the most significant factors causing the development of an inflammatory process in the body of warm-blooded animals
The use of probiotics is prescribed for disbiosis of various genesis, it is not known whether the prophylactic use of probiotics before a cold exposure will produce the effect of immunoregulation and reduce the risk of inflammation
Consumption of E. coli EB387 for 21 days led to a significant increase in the number of lactobacilli in the absence of cold exposure and had a protective effect on indigenous lactobacilli, compensating for the effect of cold stress on them

Summary

Introduction

Cold stress is one of the most significant factors causing the development of an inflammatory process in the body of warm-blooded animals. Studies have shown that acute cold exposure is usually accompanied by the development of a complex of inflammatory and dystrophic changes in internal organs [1]. These changes in rats are usually characterized by the increase in the level of glucocorticoids, catecholamine and βendorphin in peripheral blood, adrenal hypertrophy, thymus involution, and ulcerative lesions of the stomach [2]. The most commonly used probiotic strains are Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria, while a representative of the normobiota Escherichia coli is seldom used to correct disbiosis, despite its effectiveness The latter can be confirmed by its inclusion in the Russian Drug Register (OFS.1.7.1.0005.15 Colicontaining probiotics). It was shown that after the oral injection to healthy Vistar rats of E coli EB 387 during one month there weren’t any inflammation in the gut of animals, but the use Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG during 30 days a signs of inflammation in the histological slides of the small intestine and colon was found by the light microscopy as well as the shifts of the structure microbiota

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion