Effect of primary tillage of old-ploughed and organogenic soils on their water and physical properties and productivity of winter rye and buckwheat

Abstract

Purpose. To study the changes in basic water and physical parameters of water-organic-mineral soil and their effect on yield formation in winter rye and buckwheat in organic farming.Methods. Field, laboratory, and statistical techniques.Result. In the research, the cultivation of winter rye and buckwheat in organic farming has been studied, which included four methods of tillage, namely plantage ploughing to a depth of 65 cm, plantage ploughing to a depth of 55 cm, disking (to a depth of 8–10 cm) ploughing to a depth of 25–27 cm) in the triple repetition. Every plot was divided into five different sections for fertilization, without fertilizers, organic fertilizers humisol, humifield, gumat potassium + micro elements, and N45R45K120. The fertilizers were introduced once in the spring and organic fertilizer twice as foliar feeding.Conclusions. When growing winter rye and buckwheat in the areas with aftereffect of plantage ploughing and liquid organic fertilizers like potassium humate + micro elements, it is possible to obtain yields of winter rye and buckwheat (4.77 and 3.13 t/ha, respectively) with high quality (crude protein of 0.45 and 0.57 t/ha, respectively). Plantage ploughing of peat-gley soil with peat horizon underlying by ploughing mineral rock (8–10 and 16–18 cm, respectively) provided increased density of soil by 16–33 %, ash content by 10–17 % and aeration decreased by 7–12 % as compared to the treatment with ploughing to a depth of 25–27 cm.