Abstract
In this paper, a comprehensive study was carried out on the application of perovskite catalyst in dry reforming of CH4. The perovskite catalyst was prepared using a sol–gel method. The prepared samples were characterized by N2 adsorption/desorption, TPR, XRD, CO2-TPD, TGA, TPO, Raman, and SEM techniques. In addition, the effect of operating pressure, namely, 1 bar, 3 bar, 5 bar, and 7 bar, temperature (500–800 °C) was evaluated. The characterization results indicated that catalysts operated at 1 bar, gas hourly space velocity of 84000 (mL/g/h) gave the best catalytic performance. CH4 and CO2 conversions of 77 and 80% were obtained at 1 bar and at 700 °C reaction temperature. The increase of reaction temperatures from 500 °C to 800 °C increased the reaction rate and hence the methane and carbon dioxide conversions were increased. A unity ratio of H2/CO was obtained at 1 bar for temperatures 600 °C and above. Similarly, the time on stream tests, obtained at a 700 °C reaction temperature, showed that the best ratio in terms of the closeness of unity and the stable profile could be attained when the pressure was set to 1 bar. The TGA analysis showed the drop of mass due to oxidation of carbon deposits, which started at 500 °C. The catalyst operated at 1 bar produced the least amount of carbon, equivalent to 35% weight loss, while the 3 and 5 bar operated catalysts generated carbon formation, equivalent to 65% weight loss. However, the 7 bar operated catalyst resulted the highest accumulation of carbon formation, equivalent to 83% weight reduction. Hence, the TGA profile indicated the relative carbon deposition on the catalyst, which was dependent of the operated pressure and hence confirmed the suitability operation pressure of 1 bar. The characterizations of the Raman, EDX, TGA, and TPO all presented the formation of carbon.
Highlights
The carbon dioxide, methane reforming universally known as dry reforming (DRM) is a convenient method for producing synthesis gases from two powerful greenhouse gases (CH4 and CO2 ) [1,2,3,4,5].synthesis gas, the product of CH4 dry reforming, is a vital raw material for the production of liquid hydrocarbons [6,7,8]
We investigated the performance of a typical perovskite catalyst (Na0.5 La0.5 Ni0.3 Al0.7 O2.5 )
Strongly interacted with the alumina support, and the third peak appeared at 744 ◦ C with a maximum consumption of H2 between 500 and 900 ◦ C was ascribed to the reduction of intimately associated surface to nickel deposited on lanthanum and alumina oxides [27]
Summary
The carbon dioxide, methane reforming universally known as dry reforming (DRM) is a convenient method for producing synthesis gases from two powerful greenhouse gases (CH4 and CO2 ) [1,2,3,4,5]. Ren et al investigated the unexpected coke-resistant stability in steam-CO2 dual reforming of methane over the robust Mo2 C-Ni/ZrO2 catalyst [21] Their results showed high catalytic activity and unexpected stability in steam-CO2 dual reforming of CH4 for syngas production. Ruocco et al [24] investigated the influence of preparation techniques, reaction temperature and gas hourly velocity in dry reforming reaction using ternary perovskites-type oxides, AZrRuO3 (A = Ca, Ba, Sr). They found SrZrRuO3 catalyst provided the best results of conversion and stability. The effect of different reaction temperatures and pressures over the efficiency of the process was examined
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