Abstract
BackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of vitamin D deficiency on the functional outcomes following a high tibial osteotomy (HTO).MethodsClinical data of 209 patients (327 knees) who underwent HTO done by a single surgeon were retrospectively registered for the study. Ninety-four patients (94 knees) who underwent HTO were analyzed. Patients were assigned into two groups according to their preoperative serum vitamin D levels (D- Deficiency and S- Sufficient); < 20 ng/ml (group D, N = 48) and ≥ 20 ng/ml (group S, N = 46) respectively. A subjective form of International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, mechanical alignment, and cartilage status before and 1 year following HTO were studied between groups.ResultsThe mean postoperative IKDC score was significantly higher in group S (p = 0.012). Moreover, the difference of IKDC score between pre- and post- HTO was also significantly higher in group S (p = 0.006). Preoperative vitamin D level and IKDC score did not show a significant correlation. Serum vitamin D level was found to be moderately correlated to postoperative IKDC score (r = 0.342 and, p = 0.001). A moderately positive correlation between serum vitamin D level and improvement of IKDC score following osteotomy was appreciated (r = 0.381 and, p < 0.001).ConclusionPatients with vitamin D deficiency had less satisfactory functional outcomes within 1 year from HTO surgery. Our results suggest that preoperative serum vitamin D level is one of the factors affecting the outcome after HTO. We recommended analyzing serum vitamin D levels as part of the routine workup in patients undergoing HTO.
Highlights
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of vitamin D deficiency on the functional outcomes following a high tibial osteotomy (HTO)
Besides the serum vitamin D serum level difference between groups, there was no statistical differences in serum calcium and albumin levels between groups (Table 1)
The main finding of the current study shows that patients with vitamin D deficiency had less satisfactory postoperative functional outcomes at 1 year following HTO compared to patients without vitamin D deficiency
Summary
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of vitamin D deficiency on the functional outcomes following a high tibial osteotomy (HTO). High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with knee OA and it’s progression has been described [3, 4]. The impact of vitamin D deficiency on functional outcomes following arthroplasty in OA patients is reported [5, 6]. It has been suggested that vitamin D deficiency has a negative effect on outcomes following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) [6, 9], while the effects of vitamin D levels on functional outcomes in patients undergoing HTO has not been reported
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