Abstract
To investigate the effect of prepolymerization warming on composites' mechanical properties, three composites were evaluated: Clearfil Majesty (CM) (Kuraray), Z-100 (3M/ESPE), and Light-Core (LC) (Bisco). Specimens were prepared from each composite at room temperature as control and 2 higher temperatures (37°C and 54°C) to test surface hardness (SH), compressive strength (CS), and diametral tensile strength (DTS). Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Fisher's LSD tests. Results revealed that prewarming CM and Z100 specimens significantly improved their SH mean values (P < 0.05). Prewarming also improved mean CS values of Z100 specimens (P < 0.05). Furthermore, DTS mean value of CM prepared at 52° was significantly higher than that of room temperature specimens (P < 0.05). KHN, CS, and DTS mean values varied significantly among the three composites. In conclusion, Prewarming significantly enhanced surface hardness of 2 composites. Prewarming also improved bulk properties of the composites; however, this improvement was significant in only some of the tested materials.
Highlights
The use of resin composite as a substitute for amalgam in posterior restorations is on the rise [1]
The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of precuring warming of composites at two different temperatures (37◦C and 54◦C) on their surface hardness (SH), compressive strength (CS), and diametral tensile strength (DTS)
The present study showed statistically significant differences in the favor of preheated specimens of CM and Z100 for surface hardness
Summary
The use of resin composite as a substitute for amalgam in posterior restorations is on the rise [1]. This is due to an increase in aesthetic demands of patients and environmental concerns about mercury in amalgam. Manufacturers’ improvements were aimed at the microstructure of the material including monomer composition, size, shape, and distribution of inorganic filler particles and mainly targeted the filler loading percentage. Increasing the filler percentage resulted in higher viscosity [2] which added to the inherently viscous and sticky nature of some composites. Concerns about handling, packing, and adaptation were aroused. Many attempts were made to enhance adaptation and decrease microleakage either by incorporating flowable composite [3,4,5,6,7], fiber inserts [4, 7, 8], or chemical and laser treatments of dentin [9]
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