Abstract
This study investigated the effect of adding Hypericum perforatum to drinkable water in comparison to virginiamycine on performance of broilers and thus on improvement and increase welfare and growth. A total of 400 , one day old broiler chicks with an average weight of 37±50 g were divided into 5 treatment groups and were further subdivided into 4 replicates. The treatments were divided as basal diet with no Hypericum perforatum extract kept as control, and for others 150 mg/l (S1), 200 mg/l (S2) and 250 mg/l (S3) of herbal extract in their Drinking water and virginiamycine (S4) were used respectively. The live body weight gains and feed consumption of birds were measured individually feed conversion efficiency were calculated weekly. At the end of the trial for investigating the effect of using Hypericum perforatum and virginiamycine on performance of broilers, 3 birds form each replicates were slaughtered and some blood samples were taken for determination HDL, LDL, Triglyceride levels and antibody titer against Newcastle vaccine. Data showed that use of S1, S2 and S3 and S4 increased FI significantly (P<0.05) in comparison to control. Also BW and Pre-slaughter weigh at the end of the experiment were also significantly higher (P<0.05) in experimental groups compared to the control. Liver percentage was significantly induced were broilers fed with experimental diets (p<0.05). There were significant differences (p<0.05) for heart percentage between treatments. Using of herbal plant extract could reduce abdominal fat percentage statistically (p<0.05).Percentage of gizzard was higher in the control group and it was at the lowest in virginiamycine group (p<0.05). triglyceride, cholesterol and LDL level decreased significantly in the treated groups while HDL level increased significantly in S1, S2 ,S3and S4. Antibody titers were significantly higher (p<0.05) when broilers were fed by S1, S2, S3and S4. It was determined that herbal and virginiamycine had significant effects on HI test (p<0.05) that compared to control group. Data showed that E. coli population decreased in S1, S2, S3 and S4 while Lactobacillus population increased significantly in S4, S3,S2 and S1 respectively (p<0.05).
Highlights
St Johnson wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) is a medicinal plant containing many polyphenolic compounds, including flavonoids and phenolic acids with antidepressant and antiinflammatory properties
Hypericin and pseudohypericin that they are in Hypericum perforatum have shown both antiviral and antibacterial activities, It is believed that these molecules can bind nonspecifically to viral and cellular membranes and can result in photo oxidation of the pathogens to kill them (Franklin et al, 2004; Kraus et al, 1990).Virginiamycine is a streptogramine antibiotic similar to pristinamycine and quinupristin/dalfopristin
Some researchers showed that use of virginiamycine in broiler chicks decreased intestinal E. coli population and increased Lactobacillus population. they found that treatment with virginiamycine at suggested dosages has a beneficial Effect on body weight gain and feed conversion efficiency in poultry
Summary
St Johnson wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) is a medicinal plant containing many polyphenolic compounds, including flavonoids and phenolic acids with antidepressant and antiinflammatory properties. Hypericum perforatum is a several-years-old plant from Hypericum family which is used as medical plant due to its multiple essences and alkaloid and glycoside ingredients .Known allelopathing in plants which have toxic properties mostly include alkaloid, glycoside and phenolic ingredients It is widely known as a herbal treatment for depression (Alipour et al, 2013). Hypericin and pseudohypericin that they are in Hypericum perforatum have shown both antiviral and antibacterial activities, It is believed that these molecules can bind nonspecifically to viral and cellular membranes and can result in photo oxidation of the pathogens to kill them (Franklin et al, 2004; Kraus et al, 1990).Virginiamycine is a streptogramine antibiotic similar to pristinamycine and quinupristin/dalfopristin It is a combination of Virginiamycin M1 and virginiamycine S1. This study was investigated the effects of Hypericum perforatum extract on performance, Feed intake (FI), body weight (BW), and some hematological and HI test against Newcastle decease vaccine in broiler chicks.
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