Abstract
An experiment was conducted to study the response of Maize to irrigation levels with or without potassium humate on yield and yield components of maize (Zea. mays L., cv. single cross) and soil properties after harvesting. Maize was sown at Giza Agricultural Research Station, AgricultureResearchCenter, GizaEgypt, during summer season of 2013. The experiment was arranging spilt plot design with three replications. The experiment involved two factors, potassium humate (0, 5, 10 and 15 kg fed-1) allotted to main plots and irrigation levels (100%, 75% and 50% of field capacity) allocated in sub plots. The results showed among irrigation levels treatments, W1 recorded the highest values of all studied traits of maize plants included plant height, shoot diameter (cm ), Length of Ear (cm), No. of rows ear-1, weight of 100 grain (g), dry shoot (kg/ fed.), grain yield (kg/fed.) and biological yield (kg/fed.) and harvest index (HI%). Likewise, N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn content and its uptake showed the same trend. On the other hand, water stress resulted in a significant decrease in these parameters. Concerning water use efficiency, the highest values were achieved with irrigation level (W1) compared to the other irrigation levels (W2 and W3). Results also illustrated that plants received 15 kg fed.-1 potassium humate produced the highest values of the corresponding parameters than those in the control. In addition, plants received irrigation levels W2 or W3 combined with potassium humate registered the highest values of corresponding parameters compared to the irrigation without application potassium humate. Furthermore, potassium humate application were highly significant effect on improving soil characteristics, such as some available macro and micronutrients in soil, soil pH and EC, wet sieving stable aggregates and aggregation index, as compared to control treatment. The potassium humate at high level was superior on increasing abovementioned values. Potassium humate treatments under different irrigation levels were a more improving soil characteristics especially under W1 followed by W2 and W3 irrigation treatments. it can be concluded that irrigation level W1 and application of potassium humate with 15 kg fed-1 resulted in the highest yield and yield attributes, WUE and some soil properties. Also, application of potassium humate with deficiency in the amount of water irrigation led to gave the highest values of the former parameters compared to the transaction referred in the addition without.
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