Effect of Postoperative Coffee Consumption on Postoperative Ileus after Abdominal Surgery: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Jun Watanabe,Masaru Koizumi,Atsushi Miki,Kazuhiko Kotani,Naohiro Sata

doi:10.3390/nu13124394

Abstract

Background: Previous systematic reviews have not clarified the effect of postoperative coffee consumption on the incidence of postoperative ileus (POI) and the length of hospital stay (LOS). We aimed to assess its effect on these postoperative outcomes. Methods: Studies evaluating postoperative coffee consumption were searched using electronic databases until September 2021 to perform random-effect meta-analysis. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee were also compared. Results: Thirteen trials (1246 patients) and nine ongoing trials were included. Of the 13 trials, 6 were on colorectal surgery, 5 on caesarean section, and 2 on gynecological surgery. Coffee reduced the time to first defecation (mean difference (MD) −10.1 min; 95% confidence interval (CI) = −14.5 to −5.6), POI (risk ratio 0.42; 95% CI = 0.26 to 0.69); and LOS (MD −1.5; 95% CI = −2.7 to −0.3). This trend was similar in colorectal and gynecological surgeries. Coffee had no adverse effects. There was no difference in POI or LOS between caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee (p > 0.05). The certainty of evidence was low to moderate. Conclusion: This review showed that postoperative coffee consumption, regardless of caffeine content, likely reduces POI and LOS after colorectal and gynecological surgery.

Highlights

Postoperative ileus (POI), defined as the transient cessation of coordinated bowel motility, is a common cause of delayed return to normal bowel function after abdominal surgery, occurring in 10–15% of cases [1,2]
Delayed defecation associated with postoperative ileus (POI) causes vomiting, bloating, and intolerance to food, and POI often leads to invasive interventions, such as nasogastric tube insertion [3]
Coffee reduced the time to first defecation after colorectal surgery (MD −15.37 h; 95% confidence interval (CI) = −18.0 to −12.75; I2 = 0%) and gynecological surgery (MD −12.83 h; 95% CI = −22.44 to −3.23; I2 = 92%) but not after cesarean section (MD −4.79 h, 95% CI = −10.32 to 0.74; I2 = 94%) (Figure 2)

Summary

Introduction

Postoperative ileus (POI), defined as the transient cessation of coordinated bowel motility, is a common cause of delayed return to normal bowel function after abdominal surgery (e.g., colorectal and gynecologic surgery), occurring in 10–15% of cases [1,2]. Previous systematic reviews did not demonstrate that LOS and POI were statistically significantly reduced, because of the small number of trials [12,13,14,15] It is unclear whether coffee or decaffeinated coffee is effective in treating POI [12]. Coffee reduced the time to first defecation (mean difference (MD) −10.1 min; 95% confidence interval (CI) = −14.5 to −5.6), POI (risk ratio 0.42; 95% CI = 0.26 to 0.69); and LOS (MD −1.5; 95% CI = −2.7 to −0.3) This trend was similar in colorectal and gynecological surgeries. Conclusion: This review showed that postoperative coffee consumption, regardless of caffeine content, likely reduces POI and LOS after colorectal and gynecological surgery

Objectives

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion