Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of postharvest sodium-benzoate treatment on some fruit parameters of two organic apple cultivars (’Topaz’ and ’Florina’). Assessments were made at three times during storage: 17 November 2019, 20 December 2019 and 23 January, 2020. During every assessment dates, each fruit was observed separately, and determined the proportion of i) healthy fruits (%), ii) post-harvest fruit rot diseases iii) fruits with mechanical injury (%), iv) fruit with russetting (%), v) damage of codling moth and vi) Ca-deficiency symptoms. In addition, fruit weight (g) was measured at each assessment date. Sodium benzoate reduced the fruit decay and the proportion of healthy fruit was higher in this treatment compared to water treated fruit. This effect could be seen in all assessment dates and on both cultivars. Effects on other parameters were various according to cultivar and assessment dates. Loss of fruit weight was similar in both treatments and cultivars compared to control treatment.
Highlights
In Hungary, apple production is the leading crop among all cultivated fruits (Papp, 2003, 2004)
Sodium benzoate reduced the fruit decay and the proportion of healthy fruit was higher in this treatment compared to water treated fruit
Effects on other parameters were various according to cultivar and assessment dates
Summary
In Hungary, apple production is the leading crop among all cultivated fruits (Papp, 2003, 2004). Production area was 31838 ha and total fruit production was 678.775 tonnes in 2018 (KSH, 2018). The area of organic production was 10.2% of the total Hungarian apple production in 2017 (KSH, 2018). As the use of chemicals is inhibited in organic production, cultivar susceptibility plays a major role in disease management. Scab resistant cultivars such as ’Topaz’ ’Relinda’ and ’Florina’ are the most often planted cultivars in organic production in Hungary (Soltész, 1998; Fekete & Szabó, 2014). Annual stored apple fruits are about 50-60 000 tonnes from which 3503 tonnes are lost due to postharvest decays (KSH, 2018)
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