Abstract
The possibility of using polyols as cosurfactants to increase oil solubilization in nonionic surfactant aqueous solutions was investigated. Diols were found to decrease the solubilization of liquid paraffin, but increase that of benzyl acetate, a perfume having a benzene ring. The effects of glycerol, D-sorbitol, and poly (ethylene glycerol), however, were found to be opposite to those shown by diols.Measurement of cloud point, critical micellization concentration (cmc), and interlayer spacing of the lamellar liquid crystalline phase suggested that, while diols form mixed micelles with nonionic surfactants and make the hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB) inclined to be more hydrophilic, glycerol, D-sorbitol, and poly (ethylene glycol) decrease the affinity between nonionic surfactants and water and caused HLB to take on a more hydrophobic nature. The cmc of docecyl hexa (oxyethylene) ether increased by the addition of diols and poly (ethylene glycol), but decreased on adding D-sorbitol. Glycerol had no significant effect on cmc.The primary soluble position of polyols in micellar aqueous solutions was suggested; i.e. diols dissolve between hydrophilic and lipophilic groups of surfactants, poly (ethylene glycol) in the oxyethylene chain part of micelles, glycerol and D-sorbitol in the water phase.
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