Abstract
The use of dietary supplements for weight loss has gained significant momentum. Polyglucosamine, a chitosan derivative, is a dietary supplement increasingly used for weight loss. In this meta-analysis, we systematically summarized and quantified the key findings of four randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials examining the effects of polyglucosamine supplementation and caloric restriction, and physical activity on body weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference in subjects with overweight and obesity. The control group was set with a physical activity from 6–7 MET-h/week activity and up to 21 MET-h/week activity with caloric restriction. Compliance in the latter trials was reported via a follow-up questionnaire with the individual participants. The analysis included 399 subjects followed for a period ranging from 12 weeks to one year. Subjects’ age ranged from 21–75 years, BMI from 26–45 kg/m2, and all were white European or Caucasian in ethnicity. The meta-analyzed mean differences for random effects showed that polyglucosamine supplementation improves weight loss by −1.78 kg [−2.78, −0.79], BMI by −1.52 kg/m2 [−3.58, 0.54], and improves waist circumference reduction by −1.45 cm [−2.77, −0.12]. In conclusion, the use of polyglucosamine supplementation in conjunction with lifestyle behavioral therapies can be effective for weight reduction. Further studies are needed to examine the long-term effects of polyglucosamine supplementation on weight loss and other metabolic parameters
Highlights
Overweight and obesity are amongst the most significant global health burdens and leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide
We aim to summarize and quantify the key findings of randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trials conducted on polyglucosamine use for weight loss
The search strings were combed to link with subsequent words: weight-loss, obesity, overweight, dietary fibers, clinical trials
Summary
Overweight and obesity are amongst the most significant global health burdens and leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. With an ever-increasing burden of overweight and obesity, healthcare providers are strongly advocating for implementation of anti-obesity behavioral therapies, such as increased physical activity and dietary programs. Recent guidelines by the European Society of Endocrinology and The Obesity Society recommend that diet, exercise, and behavioral modification be included in all obesity management approaches for body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 , in addition to other treatments such as pharmacotherapy (BMI ≥ 27 kg/m2 with comorbidity or BMI over 30 kg/m2 ) and bariatric surgery (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2 with comorbidity or BMI over 40 kg/m2 ). The guidelines state that drugs may amplify adherence to behavior change and may improve physical functioning as increased physical activity is easier in those who cannot exercise initially [3,4]
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