Effect of poling condition on piezoelectric properties of (K 0.5Na 0.5)NbO 3–LiNbO 3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics

Abstract

Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics 0.94(K 0.5Na 0.5)NbO 3–0.06LiNbO 3 (abbreviated as KNLN6) have been synthesized by traditional ceramics process without cold-isostatic pressing. The phase behavior before poling and after poling was analyzed. The results show that the orthorhombic and tetragonal phase co-exist in KNLN6 ceramics. The effect of poling conditions on piezoelectric properties of KNLN6 ceramics was investigated. The physics mechanism was also discussed. The results show that the optimum poling condition for KNLN6 ceramics is poling electric field of 3.5 kV/mm, poling temperature of 120 °C and poling time of 30 min. Piezoelectric properties of KNLN6 ceramics under the optimum poling condition is piezoelectric constant d 33 of 215 pC/N, planar electromechanical coupling factor k p of 0.38, thickness electromechanical coupling factor k t of 0.48, and Curie temperature T c of 450 °C, respectively. The results show that KNLN6 ceramics is an excellent candidate for lead-free piezoelectric ceramics.