Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma and Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Flap on Osteogenesis and Vascularization of Tissue-Engineered Bone in Dogs

Abstract

The present study evaluated the effects of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and the latissimus dorsi muscle flap on osteogenesis and vascularization of tissue-engineered bone. Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) were subcultured, and PRP was obtained from the same dogs. Demineralized bone matrix (DBM) was prepared from homologous bone. The complexes of DBM/BMSCs/PRP were implanted into areas A and B on the left side of the dogs' backs; complexes of DBM/BMSCs without PRP were implanted in areas C and D on the right side of the same dog. The implants in areas A and C were wrapped with a latissimus dorsi muscle flap, and the implants in areas B and D were wrapped with inferior fascia. At 4, 8, and 12 weeks later, the implants were removed for evaluation. The radiographic evaluation, descriptive histologic analysis, and histologic quantitative analysis showed that the PRP/BMSCs/DBM complex was better than the BMSCs/DBM complex in both vascularization and osteogenesis of the ectopic tissue-engineered bones, and the complex wrapped with the latissimus dorsi muscle flap was better than that packed with superficial fascia without blood vessels. The PRP and blood vessels in the latissimus dorsi muscle could cooperatively promote osteogenesis and vascularization in tissue-engineered bone.