Abstract
The present study was carried out at the Experimental Farm, Nubaria ResearchStation, Onion Research Department, Agricultural Research Center, Nubaria Region during the two winter seasons of 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 to study the effect of transplanting date on yield, quality and leaf diseases of the four onion cultivars. The two field experiments were laid out in a split-plot system in four replications in both seasons. The main plot was occupied by onion cultivars (Giza Red, Giza 6 Mohasen, Giza White and Giza 20), while the subplots were allocated by transplanting dates (1st November, 20th Novmber and 20th December) in both seasons. The obtained results showed there was a significant difference among the four onion varieties, where Giza 6 Mohassan recorded the highest yield and quality characters and gave the lowest % bolter, double bulbs and number of days to maturity. Transplanting date 20th November or 20th December recorded the highest values of yield and quality characters and gave the lowest % bolter, double bulbs and number of days to maturity. The interaction between planting dates and onion cultivars was significant on all the studied characters, where planting Giza Red or Giza 6 Mohassan at 20th of November of December recorded the highest ones and gave the lowest % of a bolter, double bulbs and number of days to maturity in the two cropping seasons under the study conditions. The observation of stemphylium leaf blight showed that Giza red is the best variety to resist the disease compared with other varieties. In case of planting date, the best time for planting to reduce the disease is 20th November and 20th December.
Highlights
Onion (Allium cepa L) is one of the most important crops grown in Egypt
These results are in harmony with those indicated by Fasika et al (2008); Shah et al (2012); Abou Azoom et al (2014); Devi et al (2014); Solanki et al (2015) they reported that there was a significant difference among the studied varieties in growth, yield and quality characters that due to the genetic factors
Data showed a significant difference among the four varieties in percent disease index in both seasons i.e., Giza Red was found to be more resistant to leaf blight disease in both seasons while the lowest infection percent observed from last planting date 20th of December
Summary
Onion (Allium cepa L) is one of the most important crops grown in Egypt. The area harvested was about 63.723 hectares (ha), while the national production was about 2304210 tons (FAO, 2018). Ismail et al (2014) reported that leaf blight (Stemphylium vesicarium) is the most important disease in Nubaria region, which causes considerable losses in bulb crop. The maximum bulb diameter and highest bulb weight among cultivars were noticed in cultivar Agrifound Dark Red. The yield of onion was significantly affected both by the variety and transplanting time. To investigate what is the best planting date with onion cultivar which achieves the highest productivity, quality and less Stemphylium leaf blight disease infestation. Effect of Planting Dates on the Productivity, Quality and Stemphlium Leaf Blight of Some Onion Cultivars 11
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