Effect of Planting Dates on Growth Characteristics and Yield of Six Bread Wheat Cultivars

Abstract

The study was conducted during the season 2020-2021 in Abu Ghraib Field Crops Research Station / Agricultural Research Office using six varieties of beard wheat (Triticum aestivum. L) (Ebaa 99, Abu Ghraib 3, Babel 113, Booth 10, Baghdad 1 and Al-Rasheed) to know the effects of three planting dates (15 Nov., 1 Dec. and 15 Dec.) in growth yield and its components characteristics. The study was carried out using the split-plot design in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates. The main plots included planting dates, and the secondary plots included the varieties. The planting date (1 Dec.) recorded the highest grain yield of 5.88 tons.ha-1 and did not differ significantly from (15 Dec), while the planting date of (15 Nov.) which gave the lowest grain yield of 5.33 tons.ha-1. There were significant differences between varieties. Baghdad1give the highest value of grain yield, 6.26 tons.ha-1, 16.96 tons.ha-1, while Babel113 give the highest value weight of 1000 grains 48 .78g. Al-Rashid cultivar recorded the lowest value of grain yield, grain filling period, 1000-grain weight, and harvest index amounted to 4.93 tons.ha-1, 45.55 days, 43.67 g, and 31.45%, respectively. The interaction between the varieties and planting dates was significant, as Abu Ghraib3, planted on 1 Dec., gave the highest grain yield, 6.94 tons.ha-1 is significantly superior to the cultivars planted at different dates, giving less than 5.50 tons.ha-1.