Abstract
In the Philippines, rice monoculture systems are common. Compared to these systems, the rice-soybean cropping system may prove more water-efficient and there is a trend of increasing soybean area in the response to water scarcity and need for crop diversification in the Philippines. A field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of row and plant to plant spacing (20 × 10, 20 × 5, 40 × 10, and 40 × 5 cm) on growth and yield of soybean. Plant height was not influenced by the plant geometry. Spacing, however, influenced leaf area and shoot biomass of soybean. Plants grown at the widest spacing (i.e., 40 × 10 cm) produced lowest leaf area and shoot biomass at 6 and 12 weeks after planting. Leaf area and shoot biomass at other three spacing were similar. There was a negative and linear relationship between weed biomass and crop shoot biomass at 6 and 12 weeks after planting. Grain yield of soybean was not affected by plant geometry and it ranged from 1.3 to 1.9 t·ha-1 at different spacing.
Highlights
In the Philippines, rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most important source of food, where it is mainly grown after intensive tillage in wet conditions
There was a trend of increasing plant height of soybean at narrow row spacing and plant to plant spacing; it was statistically similar between treatments (Figure 1, Table 1)
The time taken to reach 50% of the maximum height (W0) ranged from 4.9 to 5.8 weeks after planting (WAP), and it did not differ between different spacing
Summary
In the Philippines, rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most important source of food, where it is mainly grown after intensive tillage in wet conditions. A field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of row and plant to plant spacing (20 × 10, 20 × 5, 40 × 10, and 40 × 5 cm) on growth and yield of soybean. Spacing influenced leaf area and shoot biomass of soybean. Plants grown at the widest spacing (i.e., 40 × 10 cm) produced lowest leaf area and shoot biomass at 6 and 12 weeks after planting.
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