Effect of plant growth regulator on tissue culture media for trigger of Kepok banana

Abstract

Kepok banana (Musa acuminata x Musa balbisiana) can be grown in a wide area of Indonesia and is still cultivated regularly in rural areas. The need for commercial-quality of Kepok banana seedlings is still an obstacle to supporting export success. Seed propagation using micropropagation techniques is an alternative to be developed in order to meet the needs of appropriate, high-quality, and potential seeds for high productivity. The use of growth regulators and suitable growth media will promote the success of in vitro culture. The method used is the media Murashige-Skoog (MS). The design used was completely randomized and arranged by factorial. Factor 1 is a type of growth regulator with a concentration of 2 mg/L. Factor I is Z1 = Gibberellins; Z2 = IAA; and Z3 = Auxin. Factor II is 50 mg of the growth medium, namely: M1 = Agar medium; M2= Potato medium; M3 = Medium with coconut; M4 = Media Aloe vera. Data analysis used F 5% test and 5% BNT test. The use of a gibberellin growth regulator showed a better shoot formation time of 8 days, the number of shoots was 13.24 seeds, the length of the shoot was 1.25 cm, the root length was 1.52 cm, and the number of shoots was 77.48%. The growing medium using potatoes and young coconut showed a root length of 0.43 cm and a root diameter of 0.34 mm. Young coconut media showed better results in the growth of the number of plantlet shoots as much as 12.53%. The function of growth regulators, gibberellins, IAA, and auxin gave a rapid response to plantlet meristematic changes and shoot formation. While the use of agar, potato, young coconut, and aloe vera growing media gave a slow response to plantlet meristematic changes and the formation of Kepok banana shoots.