Effect of plant density and INM on vegetative, floral and yield attributes of gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.)- A review

Abstract

Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.) is one of the important leading cut flowers worldwide. It is popularly known as queen of bulbous flower crop. It is popular for its attractive spike, magnificent florets which vary in size and colour. The flowers are used for making bouquets and flower arrangements. It is considered as a viable diversification option from traditional field crop due to increased per unit return. Farmers profit can be augmented by selling the corms and cormels as well as spikes. Consequently, a comprehensive acquaintance is needed on quality and quantity production of the flowers of gladiolus. Though the quality of flower is primarily a varietal but it is greatly influence by various cultural operations. Optimum plant density is essential for proper growth and development of plant as it allows the plant to acquire the essential growth elements i.e., light, nutrients and CO2. Besides plant spacing, nutrition play an important role. Excessive and continuous use of inorganic fertilizers has various ill effects on soil health therefore attention shifted towards the holistic approach i.e., integrated nutrient management (INM). This approach has profound effect in improving flower quality and quantity. This paper reviews all the literature on important aspects of cultivation practices of gladiolus viz., plant density and INM for better understanding and to develop future strategies for quality and quantity of production of gladiolus spikes and corms.