Effect of phytosterols on osteoarthritis studied using insilico and CAM assays

Abstract

Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory effects of stigmasterol and β-sitosterol. Method: The CAM test was used to investigate the anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory properties of stigmasterol and -sitosterol, which were obtained commercially. The anti-oxidant activity of the 2, 2'-Azino-Bis-3-Ethylbenzothiazoline-6-Sulfonic Acid (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays were measured in vitro. Using Autodock 4.2.6, in silico docking of plant sterol was performed to verify the binding effectiveness of the plantsterol with the receptor. The Chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay was studied for chondrogenesis in correlation to infiltration of inflammatory mediators in a lethality study of Brine Shrimp larvae in which the administration of test (Phytosterols) and standard (NaCl, NaOH) drugs was estimated. By estimating the toxicity of the phytosterols, the Chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay was studied for chondrogenesis. Results: The CAM experiment demonstrates that the mTORC1 signalling pathway has anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as the ability to deactivate particular inflammatory mediators, resulting in increased cell recovery and joint health. In the CAM experiment in chick embryo, 10 g and 20 g of each phytosterol were used, respectively.