Effect of phytohormone and seed density toward growth, disease and bulb yield of True Shallot Seeds

Neni Gunaeni,Asih K Karyadi,Rini Rosliani,Redy Gaswanto,Rubiyo Rubiyo,C Indrawanto

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202130601037

Abstract

Shallot can be propagated generatively in the form True Seed of Shallot (TSS). The research purpose was to study phytohormone and sown seed density's effect on growth, disease, and bulbs yield. The research was conducted at Indonesian Vegetables Research Institute (1,250 m asl), Lembang-West Java, from August 2017 until April 2018. The research used a factorial randomized completely block design with two factors repeated three times. The first factor was kind of phytohormone (A1 = BAP, A2 = NAA, A3 = GA3, A4 = control) and the second factor was the sown seed density (B1 = 5 g/m2, B2 = 7 g/m2, B3 = 9 g/m2). The result showed that: Phytohormone application did not affect germination and growth of TSS, living plant number, and bulb yield. The best-sown seed density to plant growth was 7 g seeds/m2. Elisa’s test result did not detect the viruses as seed-borne diseases such as SYSV, OYDV, or LYSV. The intensity of disease symptoms Alternaria porri (11%), Stemphylium vesicatorium, Colletotrichum gleosporiodes, and Peronospora destructor each (12%). In general, the most bulb yield was informed single cloves.

Highlights

One of the main obstacles faced in efforts to increase shallot production at this time is the limited availability of quality shallot seeds
The effect of treatment on plant height in the screenhouse (Figure 1) shows that the highest plant height is at treatment 7 (GA3 + 5 g/m2) at the measurement of 84 DAS, and the lowest is in treatment 11
GA3 is a gibberellin hormone. for the treatment with seed volume of 7 g/m2 and 9 g/m2 with the same immersion treatment (GA3), the results were not significantly different. This can occur because the plants are too dense so that the plant height is less than the maximum compared to treatment 7 (GA3 + 5 g/m2)

Summary

Introduction

One of the main obstacles faced in efforts to increase shallot production at this time is the limited availability of quality shallot seeds. The shortage of quality seeds is met by using consumption bulbs as seeds or using imported bulbs. This will reduce the amount of consumption bulb production. Technology is needed to produce shallot seeds as planting material or what is called true seed of shallot (TSS). The results of [1] research have been able to produce shallot seeds through flowering by adding a long exposure time (TL lamp). According to [2], naturally shallots in Indonesia can produce TSS flowers and seeds, except for the Sumenep variety. The success of TSS seed production is influenced by the variety, bulb physiology, accuracy of cultivation, local climate, while vernalization (cooling the bulbs at 10°C for several weeks) and the application of ZPT (GA3) are the main keys of shallot flowering [2]

Methods

Results

Conclusion