Effect of physical rehabilitation programs on the recovery sensorimotor functions in premature infants during the postnatal ontogenes’s period

Abstract

Introduction.Improving the treatment of premature infants is one of the priorities in the development of perinatal care for children in Russia. The widespread introduction of modern high-tech methods of resuscitation of premature children has shown its effectiveness in improving their survival. However this has led to an increase in various health disorders. Therefore, it is extremely important to determine and practically use effective technologies of medical care that will not only save the lives of children born prematurely, but also significantly affect their health indicators in subsequent age periods.Purpose of the study. To study the influence of various physical rehabilitation programs on the development of adaptive reactions and correction of impaired sensorimotor functions in early postnatal ontogenesis in premature infants.Materials and methods.A comprehensive study of 120 infants in the first year of life was carried out, including functional testing, anthropometric, general clinical and physiological methods for the development and assessment of the impact of physical rehabilitation programs of different volume and content on sensorimotor development and the state of adaptive capabilities of the body of premature infants in the first year of life.Results.The maximum effectiveness of rehabilitation measures for premature infants of the first year of life was noted only with a combination of sympathetic type of autonomic regulation of the heart rate and a program that included therapeutic exercises, massage, dry immersion and hydrokinesitherapy. In premature babies with a pronounced predominance of sympathetic regulation of the heart rhythm, the smallest rehabilitation programs are most appropriate.Conclusions. When developing a physical rehabilitation program, it is necessary to take into account the state of the adaptive capabilities of the body of premature infants in the first year of life, which can be determined by the type of autonomic regulation of the heart rate.