Abstract
Present experiment was aimed to assess the diet induced hypocholesterolemic activity of crude methanolic extracts of Phyllanthus maderaspatensis L. on Wistar rats. The crude whole plant methanolic extract was administered orally at the dosage of 2000 mg/kg body weight per day, to diet induced hypercholesterolemic Wistar albino rats for 14 days to assess the acute toxicity and hypercholesterolemic activity. Lower concentrations were used since no toxicity found during the acute toxicity experiment. Dosages of Methanolic extracts of 400mg, 800 mg and 1200 mg/ kg body weight per day were orally administered to rats for 42 days whilst total cholesterol, triglyceride, were studied. Hardly any acute toxicity signs and liver toxicity were observed with the extract of 2000 mg/kg. The same concentration indicated a reduction of total cholesterol and triglyceride during 14 days. The groups treated with three lower doses of extract exhibited dose dependent negative response with total cholesterol and triglyceride. Results indicated capability of the crude methanolic extract of P. maderaspatensis L. in total cholesterol and triglyceride in diet induced hypercholestrolemic Wistar rats.
Highlights
The condition with elevated serum cholesterol levels in blood is referred to as hypercholesterolemia (Rajasekaran et al, 2013)
Numerous animal and human studies have confirmed the hypercholesterolemic properties of saturated fatty acids and cholesterol, which increase total cholesterol and alter lipoprotein patterns in which the mechanisms remain under study (Olson, 1998)
In this study, feeding rats with high cholesterol diet (HCD) for 7 days induced hypercholesterolemia similar to previous studies (Olson, 1998: Kanungo et al, 2007). It indicated that high cholesterol diet significantly increased the serum total cholesterol (TC), TG, LDL-C levels (p ≤ 0.05) and decreased HDL-C level when compared with rats on normal diet (Patel et al, 2009)
Summary
The condition with elevated serum cholesterol levels in blood is referred to as hypercholesterolemia (Rajasekaran et al, 2013). A larger number of research have been concentrated on the possible risk of hypercholesterolemia and associated cardiovascular diseases (Beaglehole et al, 2001; Rajasekaran et al, 2013). Cholesterol or triglyceride-rich lipoproteins play an important role in cardiovascular disease (Nordestgaard and Varbo, 2014). Hypercholesterolemia is often associated with dietary induction and/or genetic manipulations in experimental studies (Griffin and Lichtenstein, 2013). The available medications used for reduction of blood cholesterol levels are associated with unwanted side effects. Medicinal plants have been widely used for many centuries as remedies for human diseases since they contain constituents of therapeutic value
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