Effect of Photonic Crystal Fibre in Generating Four Wave Mixing

Abstract

Four wave mixing (FWM) is one of the non linear optical phenomena in optical fibre, in the presence of high optical field. Even though FWM has negative impact towards dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) system, nevertheless, this phenomenon is also one of the alternative resources in deriving new signals to be adapted in the current and future telecommunication network. The main objective of this research is to study the generation FWM through photonic crystal fibre (PCF) at telecommunication operating wavelength. It covers the structure and manipulation of instrument's configuration to generate FWM through PCF, by applying Fibre Ring Laser (FRL) approach. However, the PCF has zero dispersion at 1040nm, while the range of signals is around 1550nm. A system which combines FRL locked with few units of fibre Bragg grating (FBG) and a PCF are used to facilitate the generation of the harmonic signals. Suitable FBGs specifications were identified to match with the output spectrum. Experiments were performed to further analyse the dynamics in generating FWM, including the generated wavelength formations. The results obtained, shows that the agreement between theory and experiments results on positions of multi wavelengths signal due to FWM is 0.3% on average with expanded uncertainty of 4.9% at k=2.