Abstract
1. If a thin surface layer of ShKh15 steel undergoes secondary quenching as the result of polishing (a deeper layer becoming tempered) and is removed during the finishing operation, then the tempered layer with a troostite structure (the depth being about 220 μ and the hardness 550 kg/mm2) becomes the surface layer, and as the result the friction fatigue during rolling friction decreases sharply. 2. Residual tensile stresses occurring in the surface layer during polishing are an important factor in the decrease of longevity. The decreased hardness of the surface layer has much less effect. 3. For samples with a surface layer in which the structure is changed as the result of polishing, the variation of longevity at p0=106–290 kg/mm2 is represented by a curve with a minimum at p0=255 kg/mm2. This phenomenon is due to a sharp decrease of residual tensile stresses occurring in the case where the specific pressure during rolling exceeds the yield strength of the surface layer.
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