Abstract
Aims: The recent yellow fever outbreak in Delta State, especially in Ika North East local government, triggered the need for this study. Background: Diseases caused by Aedes are by far raising serious concerns in the world. Objective: To evaluate the larvicidal activity on the use of petroleum products in the control of Aedes mosquitoes. Methods: Mosquito species were collected using 350ml deep ladle and identified in the field using their resting positions in their local habitats. Larvae and pupae were separately exposed to 0.005, 0.01, and 0.02%ml of kerosene and petrol in single and mixed forms. The experimental sets were triplicated. Data was analyzed using ANOVA and Turkey’s test to compare mortality, and time of mortality. LC50 and LC95 were computed using Probit analysis. Results: Results revealed that all concentrations of treatment caused complete mortality in larvae except in 0.005%ml and 0.01%ml of kerosene alone and kerosene and petrol mixture at 50 minutes of exposure. All concentrations of treatment equally caused complete mortality in pupae except in 0.005%ml of kerosene (Mean= 10.00) at 30 minutes. The differences between mortality and time mortality records were significant (p< 0.05). Kerosene and petrol mixture and kerosene alone had the lower LC50 and LC95 0.0021 and 0.0088ml respectively in the larvae group. Kerosene and petrol mixture had lower LC50 and LC95 0.0037 and 0.0050, respectively. Conclusion: Therefore, scaling up this intervention on a large scale in endemic areas would reduce larvae density and disease outbreaks.
Highlights
Mosquitoes are among the most important medical vectors transmitting diseases worldwide
Kerosene and petrol were tested in their single and mixed forms for their efficacy on larvae and pupae of Aedes mosquitoes. 1 mL of petroleum products in their single forms were measured up and introduced differently into 200 mL, 100 mL and 50 ml of water to be used to expose the mosquitoes for toxicity studies which gave rise to 0.005%, 0.01% and 0.02% concentration
No significant difference was observed in. 0.005% of kerosene exposed to pupa and larva of Aedes The mortality recorded in this study is in agreement with those reported by Lee et al (2006) where complete mortality was recorded in Aedes mosquitoes exposed to various concentrations of Citrus bergamia, Cuminum myrrha, and Pimenta racemose
Summary
Mosquitoes are among the most important medical vectors transmitting diseases worldwide. This calls for immediate intervention on the use of vaccines targeting the infected individuals and the vector causing the diseases. In 2017, the yellow fever virus resurfaced with 341 suspected cases reported from 16 states (Abia, Anambra, Borno, Edo, Enugu, Kano, Katsina, Kogi, Kwara, Kebbi, Lagos, Nasarawa, Niger, Oyo, Plateau, and Zamfara states). Delta State was included due to the outbreaks of the yellow fever virus and this calls for swift intervention on the vectors while other intervention is targeted on the disease. Diseases caused by Aedes are by far raising serious concerns in the world
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