Effect of Pentoxifylline, administered in Preterm Labour, on the Foetal–Placental Circulation and Neonatal Outcome: A Randomized, Prospective Pilot Study

Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate the pentoxifylline administration on the foetal-placental circulation and neonatal outcome in women with threatened preterm labour. Pentoxifylline was given as a supplement to standard tocolytic therapy in a group of 43 patients (pentoxifylline group) as an intravenous infusion and oral supplementation in a total dosage of 800 mg/day. The drug was administered within 3 weeks after admission. No pentoxifylline was given in the control group (53 patients). Doppler velocimetry of pulsatility indices (PI) of the umbilical (UA) and middle cerebral (MCA) arteries as well as cerebro-placental ratio (CPR) were calculated. Also, the neonatal outcome was estimated in both groups. From the second week of therapy with pentoxifylline, the PI decreased in umbilical artery and increased in the MCA, whereas in the control group, there were no changes. The value of PIUA, evaluated after the third week of pentoxifylline administration, was statistically significantly lower when compared to data obtained on admission (mean: 0.99 ± 0.22 versus 0.82 ± 0.12; p =0.016). Pentoxifylline significantly increased CPR values calculated after third week of drug administration, which were statistically significantly higher in the pentoxifylline group when compared with respective data in the control group (mean: 2.30 versus 1.61; p = 0.001). The risk of severe neonatal complications was significantly lower in the pentoxifylline group (p = 0.026). Pentoxifylline changed foetal-placental blood circulation in patients with threatened preterm labour and improved neonatal outcome.