Abstract
Heterogeneous Ag/Au nanoparticles combined with Pd ions were generated by irradiating Ag/Au metal targets in a Pd solution with nanosecond and femtosecond lasers. AgPd and AuPd nanoparticles were generated by laser fragmentation and bonded. We numerically analyzed the hot spots with electromagnetic field enhancement of nanoparticles of different sizes separated by various distances. AgPd and AuPd nanoparticles differing in diameter were generated and showed different characteristics compared to typical core-shell heterogeneous nanoparticles. Pd ions played an important role in the generation of nanoparticles in liquid via laser ablation. The femtosecond laser produced both pure and heterogeneous nanoparticles of uniform size. The nanosecond laser produced pure nanoparticles with a relatively non-uniform size, which developed into spherical heterogeneous nanoparticles with a uniform (small) size in the presence of Pd ions. These nanoparticles could optimize applications such as photothermal therapy and catalysis.
Highlights
Nanoparticles are applied in optoelectronics and drug delivery systems because of their unique optical and chemical properties
Variations in electric field strength caused by localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) coupling effect were analyzed according to the sizes of, particles and the distances between them
If the pulse is relatively long, the electric field distribution accelerates the interactions between particles by instantaneously increasing the temperature of the particle surfaces, because the electric field becomes concentrated on the surfaces
Summary
Nanoparticles are applied in optoelectronics (as catalysts) and drug delivery systems because of their unique optical and chemical properties. It was found that Pd can act as an important element to increase the light-to-heat conversion efficiency depending on the bond type and amount. This means that the alloy containing the element Pd can be more effective in photothermal treatment. These methods can be further divided into top-down procedures that fracture a material when generating nanoparticles, and bottom-up approaches that incorporate an elemental material into new nanoparticles.
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