Abstract
Lead zirconate-titanate ceramics having various Pb/(Zr+Ti) molar ratios ranging from 0·90 to 1·01 and a fixed Zr/Ti molar ratio of 50/50 have been sintered at 950–1250°C for 2 h to investigate the change in photovoltaic properties, as well as their grain size dependence on ultraviolet irradiation. The photovoltaic current increased abruptly when the molar ratio was less than 1·00, whereas the photovoltage gave scattered results and decreased between the molar ratio of 0·99 and 1·00, which was caused by grain growth. The maximum output power discernibly increased, confirming a net increase in photovoltaic efficiency. The grain size dependence of the photovoltage revealed an opposite tendency in two samples with different molar ratios of 0·992 and 1·00. From these results, it is proposed that creating Pb vacancies on the perovskite lattice is essential for the photovoltaic properties of the samples.
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