Effect of Particulate Matter 2.5 on Airway Inflammation and Mucus Hyper secretion of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Abstract

To study the effect of Particulate Matter 2.5 on airway inflammation and mucus hyper secretion in Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Particulate Matter 2.5 was collected by particulate samplers and prepared into 30, 300, 3000 μg/ml Particulate Matter 2.5 solution. Normal human lung epithelial cells were treated with Phosphate-buffered saline solution for 12h, 48h and 96h. The cells viability was measured by Cell Counting Kit-8. Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction was used to measure the Micro Ribonucleic acid contents of Interleukin 1 beta, Interleukin 8, tumor necrosis factor-beta in BEAS2B cells after Particulate Matter 2.5 treatment. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease patients (N=200) from the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University from January 2019 to December 2019 were enrolled and randomly grouped into low exposure group and high exposure group. Before treatment and 6 mo after treatment, forced expiratory volume at 1s/forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume 1 % prediction were detected. Cough and Sputum Assessment Questionnaire scale was conduct to assess the mucus hyper secretion of patients. Particulate Matter 2.5 could significantly inhibit the activity of bronchial epithelial cells Normal human lung epithelial cells cells in a time-dependent and concentrationdependent manner (p<0.05). Moreover, Particulate Matter 2.5 could significantly increase the expression of Interleukin 1 beta, Interleukin 8 and tumor necrosis factor-beta in bronchial epithelial cells Normal human lung epithelial cells cells (p<0.05), and the higher the concentration of Particulate Matter 2.5 and the longer the action time, the more significant the proinflammatory effect was. The forced expiratory volume 1/forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume 1 % prediction of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease patients with high Particulate Matter 2.5 exposure were significantly lower than that of patients with low Particulate Matter 2.5 exposure (p<0.05), and the Cough and Sputum Assessment Questionnaire scores were significantly increased (p<0.05). High and long-term exposure to Particulate Matter 2.5 can reduce the activity of pulmonary epithelial cells in a time and concentration dependent manner, and significantly increase the expression levels of inflammatory factors such as Interleukin 1 beta, Interleukin 8, tumor necrosis factor-beta. The proinflammatory effects showed a time-dependent and concentration-dependent manner. High exposure to Particulate Matter 2.5 can damage the lung function of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease patients and increase the secretion of airway mucus.