Abstract
The particle size distribution (PSD) is an important property that can influence the hydrodynamics and chemical conversion in fluidized bed system. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of PSDs of particle and gas temperature on minimum fluidization velocity (Umf). Here, the silica sand with three average diameters and five PSDs including narrow cut, Gaussian, Gaussian with high standard deviation, negative skewed distribution and positive skewed distribution were used. The considered gas temperature ranged from 30 to 120 °C. The results showed that the Umf values with wide PSDs were lower than the Umf values for narrow cut particle with the same average diameter. The reason can be explained by the addition of smaller particle will improve the fluidization characteristics. The standard deviation and skewness of PSD also influenced on the Umf. The Umf was observed to decrease with increasing gas temperature. In addition, the effect of average particle diameter could also be seen. The Umf increased with the increasing of average particle diameter.
Highlights
Nowadays, fluidization technology is used in many physical and chemical industrial processes, such as drying, combustion, gasification and catalytic cracking because of its advantage characteristics including system well-mixing, large contacting surface area, high heat transfer rate and etc
It can be seen that the Umf of the wide particle size distribution (PSD) were lower than the narrow cut particle for the entire employed average particle diameter in this study
The drag force of the large particles is increased which causes the bed to fluidize at a lower gas velocity than the narrow cut particle
Summary
Fluidization technology is used in many physical and chemical industrial processes, such as drying, combustion, gasification and catalytic cracking because of its advantage characteristics including system well-mixing, large contacting surface area, high heat transfer rate and etc. The understanding of hydrodynamics is required for designing and operating the fluidized bed process. There are many operational and geometrical parameters that affect the hydrodynamics behavior of fluidized bed process. One of the most important parameters for the suitable design and operation is minimum fluidization velocity (Umf) which is defined as the superficial gas velocity at which the drag force of the upward moving gas is equal to the weight of the solid particle. All the solid particles are suspended [1]. This parameter depends on properties of solid and fluid, including system operating conditions. The variation of the Umf under a variety of conditions should be study
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