Effect of Particle Size and Morphology on the Molar Enthalpy and Molar Entropy of Nanomaterials in Different Processes

Abstract

When the size of the material reaches the nanometer level, due to surface effects and small size effects, the substances would cause great changes in chemical reaction equilibrium, reaction kinetics, phase transition, adsorption, electrochemistry and catalysis, and these changes are attributed to changes in their thermodynamic properties. Particle size and morphology are the main factors affecting the thermodynamic properties of nanomaterials, while molar enthalpy and molar entropy are important thermodynamic properties of nanomaterials. The effects of particle size and morphology on molar entropy and molar enthalpy in phase transitions (including melting and sublimation), electrochemistry and adsorption are described in this paper.