Effect of partially replacement of ordinary Portland clinker by basaltic rocks on the properties of blended cement

Abstract

ABSTRACT The cement industry ranks as one of the most significant contributors to carbon emissions among industrial sectors globally. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions have the potential to lead to considerable health and economic concerns. CO2 is the second-leading gas after steam, in creating the greenhouse effect. A significant percentage of CO2 emissions in cement plants come from the calcination of limestone to produce clinker. This study examines the impact of partially substituting ordinary Portland clinker with basaltic rocks on the characteristics of the resulting cement. These are employed to mitigate the impact of environmental contamination (CO2 emissions). The studied basaltic rocks were tested to determine the optimal weight percentage replacement. Five mixtures were produced through the partial substitution of clinker with varying proportions of basaltic rocks (10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%). An investigation was carried out to examine the impact of basaltic rocks on various properties of the produced cement, including workability, setting time, and strength. The parameters were investigated and evaluated by carrying out tests on fresh and hardened mortar specimens at specific time intervals. The results of the investigation lead to the conclusion that the ideal suggested proportion of the studied basaltic rocks as a partial substitute for ordinary Portland clinker is 15%.