Abstract
Background and Aim:Pregnancy and lactation have an impact on health status of animals and constitute burden on body metabolites and the oxidant-antioxidant equilibrium. This study is aimed at evaluating metabolic and oxidative stress patterns and parity impacts in both primiparous and multiparous dairy cows.Materials and Methods:Twenty-seven primiparous and multiparous. Holstein cows were enrolled and categorized into four groups according to their physiologic status: Primiparous peripartum heifer (n=5), primiparous postpartum cow (n=9), multiparous peripartum cows (n=5), and multiparous postpartum cows (n=8). Blood sample was taken from each animal – peripartum groups at 3 weeks prepartum and postpartum groups at 3 weeks post-parturition – for complete blood picture, glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, total protein, albumin, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity, and haptoglobin estimation.Results:Postpartum primiparous cows showed significant decrease in glucose, total protein, and albumin while showing significant increase in MDA, NEFA, and globulin; on the other hand, multiparous postpartum cows showed significant decrease in glucose, total protein, and albumin, associated with significant increase in cholesterol and MDA when compared with prepartum PP and MP cows, respectively. Postpartum multiparous cows significantly showed reduction in NEFA when compared to primiparous postpartum cows. Hematologic profiles of postpartum primiparous and multiparous cows showed significant decrease in red blood cells and packed cell volume, significant increase in lymphocytes when compared with prepartum cows.Conclusion:Metabolic and oxidative abnormalities exist in both primiparous and multiparous cows during the transition phase, however postpartum primiparous cows show higher susceptibility to negative energy balance impacts. Oxidant/antioxidant imbalance occurred in both the primiparous and multiparous postpartum cows, highlighting the importance of oxidative stress profiles in the assessment of metabolic health status during transition.
Highlights
As previously defined, transition period is the time frame from 3 weeks before calving to 3 weeks after calving [1]
The multiparous postpartum group showed a significant decrease in glucose, total protein, and albumin, associated with a significant increase in cholesterol and MDA when compared with the prepartum multiparous group (Table-2)
The findings showed that the postpartum multiparous group showed a significant decrease in non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) associated, with a non-significant increase in cholesterol, total protein, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and MDA, compared to the primiparous postpartum group, in which the latter showing a non-significant increase in glucose (Table-3)
Summary
Transition period is the time frame from 3 weeks before calving to 3 weeks after calving [1]. During the period of early lactation and colostrum production, a cow’s demand for energy and nutritional diet will significantly improve. This period is crucial since it is usually associated with a reduction in food intake, and negative energy balance (NEB) is expected and mobilization of body fat in the form of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) will ensue [4]. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/ publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. This study is aimed at evaluating metabolic and oxidative stress patterns and parity impacts in both primiparous and multiparous dairy cows
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